What does Perimenopause mean?
Perimenopause is a term that might sound a bit daunting, but it simply means “around menopause.” This phase in a woman’s life is marked by significant changes in hormone levels, particularly oestrogen. You might experience fluctuations where oestrogen levels soar and then plummet, leading to various symptoms. It’s a natural part of life, but it can feel like a rollercoaster ride, and understanding it can help you navigate this transition more smoothly.
Understanding Perimenopause
Definition of Perimenopause
So, what exactly is perimenopause? It’s that transitional phase leading up to menopause, which is when a woman has her last period. During this time, you might notice that your menstrual cycles become less regular, and that’s just the beginning of the changes your body is going through.
The importance of recognizing Perimenopause
Recognizing perimenopause is crucial because it allows women to understand the physiological changes happening in their bodies. This awareness can empower you to manage symptoms proactively, ensuring that this phase doesn’t interfere too much with your daily life and relationships.
When does Perimenopause happen?
Typical age range – Perimenopause typically kicks off around four years before your last period, and most women start experiencing it in their 40s. However, it’s not a one-size-fits-all situation; some women may start earlier or later.
It’s essential to remember that every woman’s experience is unique. Some may breeze through this phase, while others might find it challenging. Understanding your body’s signals is key!
Symptoms of Perimenopause
Changes in menstrual cycle
One of the most noticeable symptoms of perimenopause is changes in your menstrual cycle. You might find that your periods become heavier, lighter, or just plain erratic. It’s like your body is trying to figure out what’s going on!
Common symptoms
Beyond menstrual changes, there are several other symptoms that can pop up during perimenopause due to the fluctuations in hormone. Let’s break them down:
Hot flushes
Hot flushes are a classic symptom. You might suddenly feel a wave of heat wash over you, especially around your neck and face, often followed by sweating.
Sleep disturbances
Many women report disturbed sleep during this time, which can lead to irritability and fatigue during the day. Night sweats can be a culprit here.
Mood changes
Mood swings, anxiety, and even depression can rear their heads during perimenopause. It’s not just you; these changes can be exacerbated by insomnia, putting a strain on relationships.
Cognitive changes
Some women experience forgetfulness or “brain fog.” It’s like your brain is playing hide and seek with your thoughts!
Physical symptoms
Joint aches, breast tenderness, weight gain, bone density, increased risk of osteoporosis, decreased libido, vaginal pain during intercourse, and bladder issues are also common. It’s a lot to handle, but you’re not alone!
Oesterogen deficiency may also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, by managing lipid levels, the risk may be reduced.
Tests for perimenopause and menopause – should I get tested?
It varies by situation. If you’re over 45 and noticing changes in your periods, it’s usually considered normal, and doctors may not recommend hormone level tests because a single blood test does not give enough information about whether a woman is experiencing perimenopause.
However, if you’re younger than 45 or experiencing very heavy or prolonged periods, it might be worth discussing blood tests with your doctor to rule out other issues.
Other situations where blood tests may be useful is to determined if you are pregnant, or if you have symptoms that requires further investigation to uncover any possible underlying medical issues
Treatment Options for Perimenopause
Lifestyle Changes
Managing perimenopause often starts with lifestyle changes. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and reducing alcohol and caffeine can make a world of difference.
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
For many women, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can be a game-changer. Oestrogen is the most effective treatment for many symptoms, and sometimes it’s combined with progesterone. If you’ve had a hysterectomy or a Mirena coil in place, you might only need oestrogen. Your doctor can talk to you about whether HRT is an option for you. Experts think that HRT is safe for most people younger than 60 years. But there are a few exceptions. Do not take hormones if you had breast cancer, a heart attack, a stroke, or a blood clot.
Alternative Treatments
There are also alternative treatments available, like antidepressants or vaginal oestrogen for dryness. Just remember to consult your doctor before trying any “natural remedies” or supplements, as they may not always be safe or effective.
You might have seen ads for companies selling products to treat menopause symptoms. These often include supplements or vitamins that claim to balance your hormones, improve your sex life, or cure other symptoms. Most of the time, there is no evidence that these products work.
Perimenopause is a natural phase of life that can come with its fair share of challenges. Understanding what it means and recognizing the symptoms can help you navigate this transition with confidence. Remember, you’re not alone in this journey, and there are plenty of resources and treatments available to help you manage your symptoms.
Do have a chat with your doctor to discuss management of your symptoms that best suits you.
This article is written by Dr Vinu Sahlen who is a graduate of the University of Aachen, Germany. Dr Vinu speaks German and Swedish and is based in our Camden Clinic. If you would like to book an appointment with Dr Vinu please book online or call +65 6733 4440. For inquiries, email [email protected]
